SOUTH PADRE ISLAND,
Texas — Endangered Kemp's ridley
sea turtles emerge here every
spring from the Gulf of Mexico,
Sleaving smeary trails of flipper
prints from surf through sand to
nests where they lay their eggs.
But a planned beach-restoration
project could mean vehicles
intruding on the nesting
grounds, sand dumped over eggs
or new sand obscuring the paths
to turtles' nests.
The city is awaiting a decision
from the Army Corps of Engineers
on a variance from the
Endangered Species Act that would allow the project to
begin this month or next.
Officials say the beach erosion
caused by tides and last year's
hurricanes is threatening
property and needs to be
repaired soon.
"Probably from a sea turtle
standpoint, it's the worst two
months of the year to do it,"
said Jeff George, curator of Sea
Turtles Inc.,
South Padre's hospital for
injured sea turtles and a
partner with Fish & Wildlife in
rescuing turtle eggs.
Jody Mays, a biologist for the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
and other turtle experts agreed
May and June are the two worst
months.
"But I don't want to be a tree
hugger and say we can't do it,"
he said. "We can help put
patrols out there and protect
the nests. At the same token,
you also have to say, why do you
have to do it in May or June?"
If not alleviated soon, the
erosion could harm hotels and
other properties, said Catherine
Ball, planner for the town of
South Padre Island.
Ball said the town was prepared
to provide some extra hands —
college students or volunteers —
to help find the turtle nests.
Each year biologists collect and
guard the eggs until late
summer, when thousands of baby
turtles scamper to sea. Without
biologists' intervention, only a
few would survive.
Without major disturbances, this
year promises to be a good one
for nest finds. At least 25 had
been discovered on Texas beaches
this past week, compared with
five for the same period last
year. By the end of April 26,
the first day of the protection
project, 10 nests had been
found. The eggs will be
monitored for the 48- to 62-day
incubation period.
Once born, the turtles spend
their lives at sea, with only
females coming on shore again to
nest on the beach where they
were hatched.
The vast majority of Kemp's
ridleys nest on a beach in the
Mexican state of Tamaulipas,
just south of Texas.
A home movie from 1947 shows
about 40,000 nesting there. But
the population has diminished
dramatically because eggs were
harvested for food or because
shrimp trawls and gill nets
trapped and drowned the turtles.
Beaches along South Padre and
North Padre islands have been
less-used nesting spots, and
biologists hope their efforts to
protect them will bring more
females and create another major
resting ground.
The beach on the north end of
town, where South Padre's strip
of hotels and high-rise
condominiums peters out, has
been eroding for many years,
said Don Hockaday of the
University of Texas-Pan American
Coastal Studies Laboratory.
The town usually keeps on top of
the problem by using spoils from
dredgings of the ship channel
leading to the Port of
Brownsville.
In January it became clear that
Katrina, Rita and other storms
from the 2005 hurricane season
had dragged so much sand into
the channel that ships were in
danger of grounding.
The port used took most of its
annual dredging budget to remedy
that problem, and the scooped
sand was dumped at sea.
Unfortunately, South Padre
officials realized too late, the
winter tides had been
particularly hard on the island
and they could have used the
sand. Long-forgotten retaining
walls were re-emerging, and dune
markers that used to be 2 feet
(60 centimeters) higher than the
beach are now 5 feet (1.5
meters) higher.
The schedule for the next port
dredging, which would have begun
in early fall, depends on what
happens with the federal budget
for 2007.
"Right now we need sand," Ball
said. "The erosion is not only
taking dunes, it's lowering the
elevation of the beach."
The town has identified another
source of sand and has applied
for the variance, which would
allow the work to go forward
during turtle season, Ball said.